Sodium

CAS Number7440-23-5
Molecular FormulaNa
Molecular Weight22.990
InChI KeyMPMYQQHEHYDOCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Synonyms
  • Sodium
  • 7440-23-5
  • Atomic sodium
  • Natrium
  • Sodium atom
  • SODIUM METAL
  • UN 1428
  • EINECS 231-132-9
  • UNII-9NEZ333N27
  • 11Na
  • Na
  • sodio
  • 1061193-24-5
  • 184637-88-5
  • 213530-35-9
  • 351903-26-9

Applications:

 HPLC Method for Separation of Sodium, Potassium, Lithium, and Ammonium on Primesep 100  Column

August 7, 2024

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Method for Analysis of Ammonium Ion, Lithium, Potassium, Sodium on Primesep 100 by SIELC Technologies

Separation type: Liquid Chromatography Mixed-mode

HPLC Method for Analysis of Ammonium Ion, Lithium, Potassium, Sodium on Primesep 100 Column

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Method for Analysis of Ammonium Ion, Lithium, Potassium, Sodium


Inorganic cations and ammonia are usually analyzed by ion-exchange chromatography with a conductivity detector. Mixed-mode chromatography achieves the same goal with an ELSD detector. In addition to retaining ions, mixed-mode column can retain hydrophobic molecules also, making it possible to analyze a wide variety of ionic and non-ionic compounds in one run. In this method sodium, potassium, and lithium ions were separated along with ammonium ions on a Primesep 100 column. Detection technique is ELSD.

ColumnPrimesep 100, 4.6 x 250 mm, 5 µm, 100 A
Mobile PhaseMeCN/H2O – 80/20%
BufferTFA – 0.1%
Flow Rate1.0 ml/min
DetectionELSD, the nebulizer and evaporator temperatures 50°C,
  with a gas flow rate of 1.6 Standard Liters per Minute (SLM)
Class of Compounds
Ions,  Hydrophilic, Ionizable, Vitamin, Supplements
Analyzing CompoundsSodium, Potassium,  Lithium, Ammonium

Application Column

Primesep 100

Column Diameter: 4.6 mm
Column Length: 250 mm
Particle Size: 5 µm
Pore Size: 100 A

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Application Analytes:
Ammonium Ion
Lithium
Potassium
Sodium

Application Detection:
ELSD Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

Separation of Sodium and Potassium Ions on Newcrom AH Column

October 21, 2020


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Sodium and potassium ions can be separated on a mixed-mode Newcrom AH column with a simple isocratic mobile phase of water, acetonitrile (ACN) and methanesulfonic acid.  It can be detected using a conductivity detector.

Condition

Column Newcrom AH, 4.6×150 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase MeCN/H2O – 50/50%
Buffer Methanesulfonic acid  – 10 mM
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection Conductivity

 

Description

Class of Compounds Hydrophilic, Metal, Ion
Analyzing Compounds Sodium, Potassium

 

 

Application Column

Newcrom AH

The Newcrom columns are a family of reverse-phase-based columns. Newcrom A, AH, B, and BH are all mixed-mode columns with either positive or negative ion-pairing groups attached to either short (25 Å) or long (100 Å) ligand chains. Newcrom R1 is a special reverse-phase column with low silanol activity.

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Application Analytes:
Potassium
Sodium
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

HPLC Separation of Sodium, Potassium Ions and Tetramethylammonium Chloride on Newcrom AH Column

September 8, 2020

HPLC Method for Analysis of Tetramethylammonium, Sodium, Potassium on Newcrom AH by SIELC Technologies


Tetramethylammonium chloride is a quaternary ammonium salt used widely as a reagent in industrial applications.  It can be separated from sodium and potassium chlorides on a mixed-mode Newcrom AH column with a simple isocratic MS-compatible mobile phase of water, acetonitrile (ACN) and ammonium formate (AmFm) buffer.

ColumnNewcrom AH, 4.6 x 150 mm, 5 µm, 100 A
Mobile PhaseMeCN/H2O – 50/50%
BufferAmFm pH 3.0- 10 mM
Flow Rate1.0 ml/min
DetectionCAD (Corona) MS- compatible mobile phase
Class of CompoundsHydrophilic, Metal, Ion, Quaternary ammonium salt
Analyzing CompoundsTetramethylammonium, Sodium, Potassium

Application Column

Newcrom AH

Column Diameter: 4.6 mm
Column Length: 150 mm
Particle Size: 5 µm
Pore Size: 100 A

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Application Analytes:
Potassium
Sodium
Tetramethylammonium

Application Detection:
CAD Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

HPLC Determination of Ions on Newcrom A Column

March 24, 2020

Condition

Column Newcrom A, 4.6×150 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase MeCN – 10%
Buffer Gradient Ammonium formate pH 3.0
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection CAD

 

Description

Class of Compounds Hydrophilic, Metal, Ion
Analyzing Compounds Sodium, Potassium, Copper, Nickel, Barium, Neodymium, Gadolinium

 

 

Application Column

Newcrom A

The Newcrom columns are a family of reverse-phase-based columns. Newcrom A, AH, B, and BH are all mixed-mode columns with either positive or negative ion-pairing groups attached to either short (25 Å) or long (100 Å) ligand chains. Newcrom R1 is a special reverse-phase column with low silanol activity.

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Application Analytes:
Barium
Copper
Copper Sulfate
Gadolinium acetate
Neodymium
Nickel
Sodium
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

HPLC Separation of Inorganic Anions on Newcrom BH Column

October 23, 2019


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Condition

Column Newcrom BH, 4.6×150 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase MeCN/H2O – 10/90%
Buffer Gradient AmAc pH 5.0 –  20-90 mM , 20 min
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection CAD (Corona)  (MS-compatible mobile phase)

Description

Class of Compounds Ions, Hydrophilic, Ionizable
Analyzing Compounds Sodium, Phosphate, Chloride, Bromide, Nitrate, Iodide, Sulfate,  Perchlorate

Application Column

Newcrom BH

The Newcrom columns are a family of reverse-phase-based columns. Newcrom A, AH, B, and BH are all mixed-mode columns with either positive or negative ion-pairing groups attached to either short (25 Å) or long (100 Å) ligand chains. Newcrom R1 is a special reverse-phase column with low silanol activity.

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Application Analytes:
Bromide
Chloride
Iodide
Iodine
Nitrate
Perchlorate
Phosphate
Sodium
Sulfate
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

Separation of Chlorate, Perchlorate, and Phosphonate Ions on Obelisc R Column

July 30, 2015

 

The ionic forms of Chlorate, Perchlorate, and Phosphonates are useful in many industries including medicine, paper and use in explosives. Due to their lack of UV activity, an ELSD was used to detect both the anions and cations of all three sodium salts. The ions were retained on both Primesep D and Obelisc R columns. Primesep D is a reverse phase column with embedded basic ion-pairing groups. Obelisc R is also a reverse phase column, but can be additionally tuned due to embedded ionic groups and a hydrophobic chain.

 

Condition 

Column Obelisc R, 2.1 x 50 mm, 5 µm, 100 A
Mobile Phase Gradient MeCN – 10-40%, 12 min
Buffer Gradient AmFm pH 2.3- 30-80 mM, 12 min
Flow Rate 0.4 ml/min
Detection ELSD

 

 

Description

Class of Compounds
  Hydrophilic, Ionizable
Analyzing Compounds Chlorate, Perchlorate,  Phosphonate Ions

 

Application Column

Obelisc R

Column Diameter: 2.1 mm
Column Length: 50 mm
Particle Size: 5 µm
Pore Size: 100 A

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Application Analytes:
Chlorate
Perchlorate
Phosphonate
Sodium

Application Detection:
ELSD Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

Separation of Paraquat, Diguat, and Glyphosate on Obelisc R Column

July 3, 2013

 

Paraquat, diquat and glyphosate are three of most widely used herbicides in the world. Paraquat and diquat are very polar and very basic quaternary amines. Glyphosate is an aminophosphonic analog of glycine. It is very polar and acidic at most of the pH of the mobile phase. Since glyphosate and the quats have opposite charges no ion-pairing method can be developed for the mixture of basic and acidic herbicides. All three herbicides were separated on the Obelisc R tri-modal column. Paraquat and diquat are retained by a cation-exchange mechanism, and glyphosate is retained by weak reversed-phase and strong anion-exchange mechanisms. This method can be used for analysis of common herbicides in fruits, vegetables, ground water, drinking water and other matrices. Method is LC/MS compatible and can be used to determine trace levels of herbicides.

 

Condition

Column Obelisc R, 2.1×150 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase MeCN – 30%
Buffer Gradient AmFm pH 3.0 – 5-30 mM, 10 min
Flow Rate 0.4 ml/min
Detection UV, 250 nm, ELSD

 

Description

Class of Compounds
 Insecticide, Herbicide, Fungicide,  Hydrophobic, Ionizable
Analyzing Compounds Paraquat, Diquat, Glyphosate

Application Column

Obelisc R

SIELC has developed the Obelisc™ columns, which are mixed-mode and utilize Liquid Separation Cell technology (LiSC™). These cost-effective columns are the first of their kind to be commercially available and can replace multiple HPLC columns, including reversed-phase (RP), AQ-type reversed-phase, polar-embedded group RP columns, normal-phase, cation-exchange, anion-exchange, ion-exclusion, and HILIC (Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography) columns. By controlling just three orthogonal method parameters - buffer concentration, buffer pH, and organic modifier concentration - users can adjust the column properties with pinpoint precision to separate complex mixtures.

Select options
Application Analytes:
Chloride
Diquat
Glyphosate
Paraquat
Sodium

Application Detection:
ELSD Detection
UV Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

Separation of Compounds in TCA Cycle on Primesep D Column

July 3, 2013

The citric acid cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle, Krebs cycle) is a key process in the metabolic pathway by which all aerobic organisms generate energy. Compounds generated during TCA are hydrophilic, acidic compounds. Some of the hydrophilic acids are very strong while others are relatively weaker. All compounds have very low hydrophobicity and do not retain by the reversed-phase mechanism on the C18 or C8 HPLC columns. Citric acid and related products were separated in reversed-phase, anion-exchange mode on the Primesep D mixed-mode column. All hydrophilic, acidic compounds are well separated and demonstrate good shape. This robust method can be used for analysis of components of the TCA cycle and other highly hydrophilic compounds. This method is fully compatible with LC/MS and prep chromatography.

Condition

Column Primesep D, 4.6×150 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase MeCN/H2O
Buffer AmFm, pH 3.0
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection ELSD

 

Description

Class of Compounds
Acid, Hydrophilic, Ionizable
Analyzing Compounds Sodium, Succinic acid, Malic acid, Isocitric acid, Citric acid, Fumaric acid, Maleic acid

 

Application Column

Primesep D

The Primesep family of mixed-mode columns offers a wide variety of stationary phases, boasting unprecedented selectivity in the separation of a broad array of chemical compounds across multiple applications. Corresponding Primesep guard columns, available with all stationary phases, do not require holders. SIELC provides a method development service available to all customers. Inquire about our specially-tailored custom LC-phases for specific separations.

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Application Analytes:
Citric Acid
Fumaric Acid
Isocitric Acid
Maleic Acid
Malic Acid
Sodium
Succinic Acid

Application Detection:
ELSD Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

The Separation of Sodium, Dioctylsulfosuccinic Acid, and Sulfosuccinic Acid

July 2, 2013

 

Sulfosuccinic acid and the corresponding dioctyl ester were separated on the Primesep B4 short carbon-chain anion-exchange column. Short carbon chain stationary phase allows to elute hydrophobic and acidic diester in reasonable time. No elution was observed on the mixed-mode columns with longer carbon chain analogs due to very strong hydrophobic and anion-exchange interaction.

 

Condition

Column Primesep B4, 3.2×50 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase Gradient MeCN – 10 -50%, 10 min
Buffer Gradient AmFm pH 3.0- 60-180 mM, 10 min
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection ELSD, 50C

 

Description

Class of Compounds
Acid, Hydrophilic, Ionizable
Analyzing Compounds Sodium, Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic acid, Sodium Docusate

 

Application Column

Primesep B4

The Primesep family of mixed-mode columns offers a wide variety of stationary phases, boasting unprecedented selectivity in the separation of a broad array of chemical compounds across multiple applications. Corresponding Primesep guard columns, available with all stationary phases, do not require holders. SIELC provides a method development service available to all customers. Inquire about our specially-tailored custom LC-phases for specific separations.

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Application Analytes:
Dioctyl sulfosuccinic acid
Sodium
Sulfosuccinic acid

Application Detection:
ELSD Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

HPLC Separation of Sodium, Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid, and Sulfosuccinic Acid

July 10, 2012

Application Notes: Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate is a common component of consumer products and medications. It is also used as emulsifier, wetting, and dispersing agent.  It is a highly acidic, and hydrophobic compound. It serves as a starting material for dioctyl sodium sulfonate. Both compounds were retained and separated on Primesep B4 mixed-mode reversed-phase anion-exchange column. The primesep B4 column has C4 carbon chain and it is much less hydrophobic than Primesep D or Primesep B2 column. The low hydrophobicity of the stationary phase is strong enough to provide reversed-phase retention for dioctyl sulfosuccinic acid. This method can be used for quantification of these two compounds in reaction mixtures and formulation. The method is LC/MS and ELSD/CAD compatible.

 
Application Columns: Primesep B4

 
Application compounds: Sodium, Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid, Sulfosuccinic Acid

Detection technique: LC/MS, ELSD/CAD

Condition

Column Primesep B4, 3.2×50 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase Gradient MeCN – 10 -50%, 10 min
Buffer Gradient AmFm pH 3.0- 60-180 mM, 10 min
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection ELSD

 

Description

Class of Compounds
Acid, Hydrophilic, Ionizable
Analyzing Compounds Sodium, Dioctyl Sulfosuccinic Acid, Sulfosuccinic Acid

 

Application Column

Primesep B2

The Primesep family of mixed-mode columns offers a wide variety of stationary phases, boasting unprecedented selectivity in the separation of a broad array of chemical compounds across multiple applications. Corresponding Primesep guard columns, available with all stationary phases, do not require holders. SIELC provides a method development service available to all customers. Inquire about our specially-tailored custom LC-phases for specific separations.

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Primesep B4

The Primesep family of mixed-mode columns offers a wide variety of stationary phases, boasting unprecedented selectivity in the separation of a broad array of chemical compounds across multiple applications. Corresponding Primesep guard columns, available with all stationary phases, do not require holders. SIELC provides a method development service available to all customers. Inquire about our specially-tailored custom LC-phases for specific separations.

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Primesep D

The Primesep family of mixed-mode columns offers a wide variety of stationary phases, boasting unprecedented selectivity in the separation of a broad array of chemical compounds across multiple applications. Corresponding Primesep guard columns, available with all stationary phases, do not require holders. SIELC provides a method development service available to all customers. Inquire about our specially-tailored custom LC-phases for specific separations.

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Application Analytes:
Dioctyl sulfosuccinic acid
Docusate sodium
Sodium
Sulfosuccinic acid

Application Detection:
UV Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

HPLC Separation of Organic Acids

July 10, 2012


Primesep D mixed-mode column separates organic acids such as succinic acid, malic acid, MPS and butanesulfonate by a mixture of anion exchange and reversed phase mechanisms. Retention times can be changed by adjusting the percentage of acetonitrile in the mobile phase. This can not be done by traditional ion-exchange and ion-exclusion chromatography. The HPLC separation uses a mobile phase of water, acetonitrile (MeCN, ACN) and ammonium formate as a buffer, making the method MS-compatible. Can also use UV detection at 250 nm.

Condition

Column Primesep D, 4.6×150 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase MeCN/H2O
Buffer AmFm
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection ELSD

 

Description

Class of Compounds
Acid, Hydrophilic, Ionizable
Analyzing Compounds Sodium, Succinic Acid, Malic Acid, MPS, Butanesulfonate

 

Application Column

Primesep D

The Primesep family of mixed-mode columns offers a wide variety of stationary phases, boasting unprecedented selectivity in the separation of a broad array of chemical compounds across multiple applications. Corresponding Primesep guard columns, available with all stationary phases, do not require holders. SIELC provides a method development service available to all customers. Inquire about our specially-tailored custom LC-phases for specific separations.

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Application Analytes:
Butanesulfonate
Malic Acid
Organic Acids
Sodium
Succinic Acid

Application Detection:
ELSD Detection
UV Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

Simultaneous Analysis of Glucose, Sodium, Potassium and Calcium Ions

July 8, 2011

chr_304.gif

Neutral sugar, monovalent and divalent cations were separated in HILIC/cation-exchange mode on a Primesep N mixed-mode column. Mobile phase is compatible with LC/MS and method can be used for analysis polar molecules in HILIC, cation-exchange or anion-exclusion modes.

Condition

Column Primesep N, 4.6×150 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase MeCN/H2O
Buffer AmAc pH 4.0
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection ELSD 50C

 

Description

Class of Compounds
Ions, Hydrophilic, Ionizable
Analyzing Compounds Potassium, Sodium, Calcium, Glucose

 

Application Column

Primesep N

Column Diameter: 4.6 mm
Column Length: 150 mm
Particle Size: 5 µm
Pore Size: 100 A

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Application Analytes:
Calcium
Glucose
Potassium
Sodium

Application Detection:
ELSD Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

Separation of Sodium, Tetramethylammonium and Tetrabutylammonium on Primesep 200 Column

July 7, 2011

chr_300.gif

chr_301.gif

Hydrophilic and hydrophobic quaternary amines, along with sodium ion, were separated by mixed-mode chromatography on a Primesep 200 column. Mechanism of retention for sodium and tetramethylammonium ions is cation exchange, while the tetrabutylammonium ion is retained by combination of reversed-phase and cation-exchange mechanisms. All three compounds are not UV-active and monitoring is done by ELSD/CAD.

Condition

Column Primesep 200,  4.6×100 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase MeCN/H2O
Buffer AmAc pH4.0
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection ELSD

 

Description

Class of Compounds
Ions,  Hydrophilic, Ionizable, Quaternary amines
Analyzing Compounds Sodium, Chloride, Tetramethylammonium,  Tetrabutylammonium

Application Column

Primesep 200

The Primesep family of mixed-mode columns offers a wide variety of stationary phases, boasting unprecedented selectivity in the separation of a broad array of chemical compounds across multiple applications. Corresponding Primesep guard columns, available with all stationary phases, do not require holders. SIELC provides a method development service available to all customers. Inquire about our specially-tailored custom LC-phases for specific separations.

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Application Analytes:
Sodium
Tetrabutylammonium
Tetramethylammonium

Application Detection:
ELSD Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

HPLC Separation of Alkyl Sulfonic Acids

November 21, 2010


Alkyl sulphonic acids are used as surfactant additives in many products. Homologs of linear alkyl sulfonates are separated on a Primesep 500 mixed-mode cation exchange column in reversed-phase anion-exclusion mode. This generic method can be used for determination of alkyl sulfonates in detergents, soaps, etc.

Condition

Column Primesep 500,  4.6×150 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase MeCN/H2O
Buffer AmAc
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection ELSD

 

Description

Class of Compounds
Acid,  Hydrophilic, Ionizable
Analyzing Compounds Sodium, Hexanesulphonic Acid, Heptanesulphonic Acid, Octanesulphonic Acid

Application Column

Primesep 500

The Primesep family of mixed-mode columns offers a wide variety of stationary phases, boasting unprecedented selectivity in the separation of a broad array of chemical compounds across multiple applications. Corresponding Primesep guard columns, available with all stationary phases, do not require holders. SIELC provides a method development service available to all customers. Inquire about our specially-tailored custom LC-phases for specific separations.

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Application Analytes:
Heptanesulfonic Acid
Hexanesulfonic Acid
Octanesulfonic Acid
Sodium

Application Detection:
ELSD Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

HPLC Separation of Sodium, Chloride, Bromide, and Iodine

November 21, 2010


Halide ions are usually analyzed by ion-chromatography with a conductivity detector. Mixed-mode chromatography in combination with ELSD is offering a valuable alternative to ion-chromatography with conductivity detection. Chloride, bromide and iodide were separated on a Primesep SB mixed-mode anion-exchange column. Mobile phase is compatible with ELSD and LC/MS.

Condition

Column Primesep SB, 4.6×50 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase MeCN/H2O
Buffer AmFm
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection ELSD

 

Description

Class of Compounds
Hydrophilic, Ions
Analyzing Compounds Chloride, Sodium, Bromide, Iodine

 

Application Column

Primesep SB

The Primesep family of mixed-mode columns offers a wide variety of stationary phases, boasting unprecedented selectivity in the separation of a broad array of chemical compounds across multiple applications. Corresponding Primesep guard columns, available with all stationary phases, do not require holders. SIELC provides a method development service available to all customers. Inquire about our specially-tailored custom LC-phases for specific separations.

Select options
Application Analytes:
Bromide
Chloride
Iodine
Sodium

Application Detection:
ELSD Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

HPLC Separation of Sugar Phosphates

October 14, 2010


Sugar phosphates occur in biological systems. Sugar phosphates are parts of two metabolic pathways: glycolisis and pentose phosphate pathways. One of the purposes of sugar phosphates is to store and transfer energy in cells. Because of the presence of sugar fragment and phosphate moiety these molecules are very polar in nature. Mixed-mode chromatography was applied for separation of glucose and fructose phosphates and diphosphates. Compounds are separated based on anion-exchange properties with diphosphates retaining longer than mono phosphates. Monitoring is done by ELSD.

 

 

Condition

Column Primesep SB, 4.6×150 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase MeCN/H2O – 20/80%
Buffer AmFm – pH 3.0
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection ELSD

 

Description

Class of Compounds
Sugars
Analyzing Compounds Sodium, Glucose 6- phosphate, Fructose 6 –phosphate, Fructose 1.6 biphosphate, Ribulose 1.5 biphosphate

 

Application Column

Primesep SB

The Primesep family of mixed-mode columns offers a wide variety of stationary phases, boasting unprecedented selectivity in the separation of a broad array of chemical compounds across multiple applications. Corresponding Primesep guard columns, available with all stationary phases, do not require holders. SIELC provides a method development service available to all customers. Inquire about our specially-tailored custom LC-phases for specific separations.

Select options
Application Analytes:
Fructose 1,6 Bisphosphate
Fructose 6-Phosphate
Glucose 6-Phosphate
Ribulose 1,5 Bisphosphate
Sodium

Application Detection:
ELSD Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

Simultaneous Determination of Sodium and Sulfate Ions on Obelisc N Mixed-mode HILIC Column

July 16, 2009

Inorganic cations and anions are usually analyzed by two different methods – cation-exchange and anion-exchange. This requires development and validation of two methods. Both ions can be analyzed on mixed-mode HILIC column with ELSD detection. Both ions are retained by combination of HILIC and ion-exchange mechanism.

Condition

Column Obelisc N, 4.6×50 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase MeCN/H2O
Buffer AmFm, pH 3.0
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection ELSD

 

Description

Class of Compounds
Acid, Hydrophilic, Ionizable
Analyzing Compounds Sodium, Sulfate Ions

 

Application Column

Obelisc N

SIELC has developed the Obelisc™ columns, which are mixed-mode and utilize Liquid Separation Cell technology (LiSC™). These cost-effective columns are the first of their kind to be commercially available and can replace multiple HPLC columns, including reversed-phase (RP), AQ-type reversed-phase, polar-embedded group RP columns, normal-phase, cation-exchange, anion-exchange, ion-exclusion, and HILIC (Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography) columns. By controlling just three orthogonal method parameters - buffer concentration, buffer pH, and organic modifier concentration - users can adjust the column properties with pinpoint precision to separate complex mixtures.

Select options
Application Analytes:
Sodium
Sulfate

Application Detection:
ELSD Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

HPLC Separation of Sulfate and Phosphate Ions on Mixed-Mode HPLC

December 6, 2007

Sulfate and phosphate are separated on Primesep B2 and Primesep D column by anion-exchange mechanism. Because both sulfate and phosphate ions are not UV-active, ELSD is used to monitor separation of both anions. Method can be used to quantitate phosphate and sulfate in various pharmaceutical and chemical formulation, products and solution, drinking and ground water. Retention time is adjusted by increase or decrease of buffer concentrations. Two anions can be retained and separated on a very short column due to strong ion-exchange interaction. Method shows good reproducibility and versatility.

Condition

Column Primesep B2, 4.6×50 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase MeCN/H2O
Buffer AmFm pH 3.0
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection ELSD

 

Description

Class of Compounds
Ions,  Hydrophilic, Ionizable, Vitamin, Supplements
Analyzing Compounds Sodium, Phosphate, Sulfate

Application Column

Primesep B2

The Primesep family of mixed-mode columns offers a wide variety of stationary phases, boasting unprecedented selectivity in the separation of a broad array of chemical compounds across multiple applications. Corresponding Primesep guard columns, available with all stationary phases, do not require holders. SIELC provides a method development service available to all customers. Inquire about our specially-tailored custom LC-phases for specific separations.

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Primesep D

The Primesep family of mixed-mode columns offers a wide variety of stationary phases, boasting unprecedented selectivity in the separation of a broad array of chemical compounds across multiple applications. Corresponding Primesep guard columns, available with all stationary phases, do not require holders. SIELC provides a method development service available to all customers. Inquire about our specially-tailored custom LC-phases for specific separations.

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Application Analytes:
Phosphate
Sodium
Sulfate

Application Detection:
ELSD Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

HPLC Separation of Citrulline and Arginine on Primesep 200 Column

November 21, 2006

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Citrulline and Arginine are α-amino acids that differ only in one functional group. They can be separated on a reverse-phase Primesep 200 HPLC column by hydrophobic and cation-exchange mechanisms in a mobile phase of water and acetonitrile (MeCN, ACN) with a gradient buffer of formic acid. Evaporative Light Scattering Detector (ELSD) used.

Condition

Column Primesep 200,  4.6×50 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase MeCN/H2O
Buffer Formic Acid
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection ELSD

 

Description

Class of Compounds
Ions,  Hydrophilic, Ionizable
Analyzing Compounds Sodium, Citrulline, Arginine

Application Column

Primesep 200

The Primesep family of mixed-mode columns offers a wide variety of stationary phases, boasting unprecedented selectivity in the separation of a broad array of chemical compounds across multiple applications. Corresponding Primesep guard columns, available with all stationary phases, do not require holders. SIELC provides a method development service available to all customers. Inquire about our specially-tailored custom LC-phases for specific separations.

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Application Analytes:
Arginine
Citrulline
Sodium

Application Detection:
ELSD Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

HPLC Separation of Surfactants

November 21, 2006


Surfactants are molecules that contain both hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups, usually in the form of a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail. Surfactants are used in detergents where they can form micelles around hydrophobic dirt molecules and wash them away. Triton X-100 is a surfactant with a hydrophilic polyethylene oxide chain that can be separated on a Primesep D reverse-phase HPLC column based on the number of oxide units in the chain. The mobile phase is water, acetonitrile (MeCN, ACN) and sulfuric acid as buffer. UV detection at 210nm.

Condition

Column Primesep D,  4.6×50 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase MeCN/H2O
Buffer H2SO4
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection UV 210nm

 

Description

Class of Compounds
Surfactant,  Hydrophobic, Ionizable
Analyzing Compounds Triton X-100, Cetylpyridinium Chloride

Application Column

Primesep D

The Primesep family of mixed-mode columns offers a wide variety of stationary phases, boasting unprecedented selectivity in the separation of a broad array of chemical compounds across multiple applications. Corresponding Primesep guard columns, available with all stationary phases, do not require holders. SIELC provides a method development service available to all customers. Inquire about our specially-tailored custom LC-phases for specific separations.

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Application Analytes:
Benzalkonium chloride
Cetylpyridinium Chloride
Sodium
Triton X100

Application Detection:
UV Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

Reverse Elution Order in Separation of Alkali Cation

August 12, 2006

Primesep C separates a mixture of inorganic cations, potassium, sodium, and lithium, by a combination of cation exchange and complex formation. The peak order is reversed on the Primesep C column compared to the order normally obtained on columns that rely on cation exchange alone. The mobile phase mixture of water, acetonitrile (MeCN, ACN) and ammonium acetate is compatible with UV and evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD).

Condition

Column Primesep C, 4.6×50 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase MeCN/H2O
Buffer AmAc
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection ELSD 50C

 

Description

Class of Compounds
Ions,  Hydrophilic, Ionizable, Vitamin, Supplements
Analyzing Compounds Sodium, Potassium,  Lithium, Chloride

 

Application Column

Primesep C

The Primesep family of mixed-mode columns offers a wide variety of stationary phases, boasting unprecedented selectivity in the separation of a broad array of chemical compounds across multiple applications. Corresponding Primesep guard columns, available with all stationary phases, do not require holders. SIELC provides a method development service available to all customers. Inquire about our specially-tailored custom LC-phases for specific separations.

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Application Analytes:
Lithium
Potassium
Sodium

Application Detection:
ELSD Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

Effect of Concentration of Organic Modifier on Retention of Cation and Anions

November 20, 2005

Primesep 100 and Primesep B columns connected in series allow the quantitation of sodium chloride and potassium bromide ions in one injection. The Primesep B column retains the chloride and bromide anions by anion exchange, and the Primesep 100 retains the sodium and potassium cations by cation exchange. The retention can be adjusted by changing the water/acetonitrile ratio in the mobile phase. The separation uses a mobile phase mixture of water, acetonitrile (MeCN, ACN) and ammonium acetate with evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD).

Condition

Column Primesep 100, Primesep B , 4.6×50 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase MeCN/H2O
Buffer AmAc pH 5.0
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection ELSD

 

Description

Class of Compounds
Ions,  Hydrophilic, Ionizable, Vitamin, Supplements
Analyzing Compounds Sodium, Potassium,  Bromide, Chloride

 

Application Column

Primesep 100

The Primesep family of mixed-mode columns offers a wide variety of stationary phases, boasting unprecedented selectivity in the separation of a broad array of chemical compounds across multiple applications. Corresponding Primesep guard columns, available with all stationary phases, do not require holders. SIELC provides a method development service available to all customers. Inquire about our specially-tailored custom LC-phases for specific separations.

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Primesep B

The Primesep family of mixed-mode columns offers a wide variety of stationary phases, boasting unprecedented selectivity in the separation of a broad array of chemical compounds across multiple applications. Corresponding Primesep guard columns, available with all stationary phases, do not require holders. SIELC provides a method development service available to all customers. Inquire about our specially-tailored custom LC-phases for specific separations.

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Application Analytes:
Bromide
Chloride
Potassium
Sodium

Application Detection:
ELSD Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

Simultaneous Separation of Cations and Anions

November 15, 2005

Primesep 100 and Primesep B columns connected in series allow the quantitation of sodium chloride and potassium bromide ions in one injection. The Primesep B column retains the chloride and bromide anions by anion exchange, and the Primesep 100 retains the sodium and potassium captions by cation exchange. The separation uses a mobile phase mixture of water, acetonitrile (MeCN, ACN) and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) with evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD).

Condition

Column Primesep 100, Primesep B , 4.6×50 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase MeCN/H2O
Buffer AmAc pH 5.0
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection ELSD 50C

 

Description

Class of Compounds
Ions,  Hydrophilic, Ionizable, Vitamin, Supplements
Analyzing Compounds Sodium, Potassium,  Bromide, Chloride

 

Application Column

Primesep 100

The Primesep family of mixed-mode columns offers a wide variety of stationary phases, boasting unprecedented selectivity in the separation of a broad array of chemical compounds across multiple applications. Corresponding Primesep guard columns, available with all stationary phases, do not require holders. SIELC provides a method development service available to all customers. Inquire about our specially-tailored custom LC-phases for specific separations.

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Primesep B

The Primesep family of mixed-mode columns offers a wide variety of stationary phases, boasting unprecedented selectivity in the separation of a broad array of chemical compounds across multiple applications. Corresponding Primesep guard columns, available with all stationary phases, do not require holders. SIELC provides a method development service available to all customers. Inquire about our specially-tailored custom LC-phases for specific separations.

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Application Analytes:
Bromide
Chloride
Potassium
Sodium

Application Detection:
ELSD Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

Complex of Cations on Primesep C is Effected by Organic Modifier

October 15, 2005

Primesep C separates a mixture of inorganic cations, potassium, sodium, and lithium, by a combination of cation exchange and complex formation. The peak order is reversed on the Primesep C column compared to the order normally obtained on columns that rely on cation exchange alone. In addition, the elution order can be rearranged by simply changing the organic modifier in the mobile phase from acetonitrile to methanol. The mobile phase mixture of water, acetonitrile (MeCN, ACN) or methanol (MeOH) and ammonium acetate is compatible with UV and evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD).

Condition

Column Primesep C, 4.6×50 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase MeOH, MeCN
Buffer AmAc pH 5.0
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection ELSD 50C

 

Description

Class of Compounds
Ions,  Hydrophilic, Ionizable, Vitamin, Supplements
Analyzing Compounds Sodium, Potassium,  Lithium, Chloride

 

Application Column

Primesep C

The Primesep family of mixed-mode columns offers a wide variety of stationary phases, boasting unprecedented selectivity in the separation of a broad array of chemical compounds across multiple applications. Corresponding Primesep guard columns, available with all stationary phases, do not require holders. SIELC provides a method development service available to all customers. Inquire about our specially-tailored custom LC-phases for specific separations.

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Application Analytes:
Lithium
Potassium
Sodium

Application Detection:
ELSD Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

Zn and Na Quantitation in Drug Substances

October 11, 2005

Primesep 100 allows the quantitation of sodium and zinc cations in a drug product sample. The cations are retained by cation exchange and the drug product is retained by hydrophobic, reversed-phase mechanisms. The separation uses a mobile phase mixture of water, acetonitrile (MeCN, ACN) and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) with evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD) and UV detection.

Condition

Column Primesep 100, 4.6×250 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase MeCN/H2O
Buffer TFA
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection ELSD 50C

 

Description

Class of Compounds
Ions,  Hydrophilic, Ionizable, Vitamin, Supplements
Analyzing Compounds Sodium,  Zinc

 

Application Column

Primesep 100

The Primesep family of mixed-mode columns offers a wide variety of stationary phases, boasting unprecedented selectivity in the separation of a broad array of chemical compounds across multiple applications. Corresponding Primesep guard columns, available with all stationary phases, do not require holders. SIELC provides a method development service available to all customers. Inquire about our specially-tailored custom LC-phases for specific separations.

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Application Analytes:
Chloride
Sodium
Zinc

Application Detection:
ELSD Detection
UV Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

Separation of Guanidine on Primesep 100 Column

October 4, 2005

Primesep 100 separates guanidine from its sodium counterion on a short 50 mm column by cation exchange. Guanidine is found in urine as a product of protein metabolism and is also used in the manufacture of plastics and explosives. Guanidine is detected by UV detection at 200 nm, but UV cannot detect the sodium ion. If an evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD) is used, both components can be detected. The separation method uses a mobile phase mixture of water, acetonitrile (MeCN, ACN) and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA).

Condition

Column Primesep 100, 4.6×50 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase MeCN/H2O
Buffer TFA
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection ELSD, UV 200nm

 

Description

Class of Compounds
Ions, Hydrophilic, Ionizable
Analyzing Compounds Sodium, Guanidine

 

Application Column

Primesep 100

The Primesep family of mixed-mode columns offers a wide variety of stationary phases, boasting unprecedented selectivity in the separation of a broad array of chemical compounds across multiple applications. Corresponding Primesep guard columns, available with all stationary phases, do not require holders. SIELC provides a method development service available to all customers. Inquire about our specially-tailored custom LC-phases for specific separations.

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Application Analytes:
Guanidine
Sodium

Application Detection:
ELSD Detection
UV Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

HPLC ELSD Method for Separation of Metal Ions on Primesep 100 Column

October 4, 2005

Primesep 100 separates the monovalent cations, lithium, potassium, and sodium, and the divalent cations, zinc, manganese, and calcium. The cations are resolved by cation exchange. The mobile phase mixture of water, acetonitrile (MeCN, ACN) and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) is evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD) compatible.

ColumnPrimesep 100, 4.6×250 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile PhaseMeCN/H2O – 70/30%
BufferTFA- 0.4%
Flow Rate1.0 ml/min
DetectionELSD 50C
Class of Compounds
Ions,  Hydrophilic, Ionizable, Vitamin, Supplements
Analyzing CompoundsSodium, Magnesium, Calcium, Lithium, Barium

Application Column

Primesep 100

Column Diameter: 4.6 mm
Column Length: 250 mm
Particle Size: 5 µm
Pore Size: 100 A

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Application Analytes:
Barium
Bromide
Calcium
Lithium
Magnesium
Potassium
Sodium

Application Detection:
ELSD Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

HPLC Separation of Chloride and Nitrate Ions

January 13, 2005

 


High nitrate concentrations in water and soil can be toxic to humans, fish and domestic animals.  Chloride can be used for analysis of water contamination. Primesep D column can be used to separate and quantify both ions.  The baseline separation between chloride and nitrate can be increased by decreasing the ammonium formate concentration in the mobile phase.  Evaporative Light Scattering Detection (ELSD) used.

Condition

Column Primesep D, 4.6×150 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase MeCN/H2O
Buffer AmFm
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection ELSD

 

Description

Class of Compounds
Hydrophilic, Ion
Analyzing Compounds Chloride, Nitrate

 

Application Column

Primesep D

The Primesep family of mixed-mode columns offers a wide variety of stationary phases, boasting unprecedented selectivity in the separation of a broad array of chemical compounds across multiple applications. Corresponding Primesep guard columns, available with all stationary phases, do not require holders. SIELC provides a method development service available to all customers. Inquire about our specially-tailored custom LC-phases for specific separations.

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Application Analytes:
Chloride
Nitrate
Nitric Acid
Sodium

Application Detection:
ELSD Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.