Cysteine

HPLC Method for Separation of Cysteine, Glutathione, reduced, Cystine, Cysteine-glutathione disulfide, Glutathione oxidized on Primesep 100 by SIELC Technologies

Separation type: Liquid Chromatography Mixed-mode

These compounds are all involved in redox reactions and cellular defenses against oxidative stress in biological systems. Here’s a bit more about each of them:

1. Cysteine (Cys): This is a sulfur-containing amino acid that’s used in the biosynthesis of proteins. Its thiol side chain often participates in enzymatic reactions, and contributes to the stability of proteins by forming disulfide bonds.
2. Glutathione, reduced (GSH): A tripeptide (small protein) consisting of the amino acids glutamic acid, cysteine, and glycine. GSH serves as an antioxidant, helping to prevent damage to cellular components caused by reactive oxygen species such as free radicals and peroxides.
3. Cystine: This is a covalently bonded dimer molecule of two cysteine molecules, connected through a disulfide bond. Disulfide bonds between cysteine residues in peptide chains contribute to the 3D structure of proteins. In dietary supplements and food labeling, this compound is often referred to as a conditionally essential amino acid.
4. Cysteine-glutathione disulfide (CySSG): This is a mixed disulfide formed by the reaction of glutathione with the oxidized form of cysteine (cystine). It is one of the forms in which cysteine is stored and transported in plasma.
5. Glutathione, oxidized (GSSG): This is the oxidized form of glutathione, produced when two glutathione molecules are linked by a disulfide bond. GSSG is reduced back to GSH by the enzyme glutathione reductase, which also requires NADPH as a cofactor.

Overall, these molecules play vital roles in the body’s antioxidant defenses, detoxification of xenobiotics, modulation of redox-controlled signaling pathways, and regulation of cellular proliferation and apoptosis.

These compounds can be retained, separated, and analyzed using a reverse-phase Primesep 100, 4.6 x 150 mm, 5 µm, 100 A column. The mobile phase for this method consists of water, acetonitrile (MeCN), and Sulfuric acid, which serves as a buffer. This analytical method can be

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Method for Analysis of Cysteine, Cystine, Cysteine-glutathione disulfide, L-Cysteine

Condition

Description

Separation type: Liquid Chromatography Mixed-mode

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Method for Analysis of Cysteine and Cystine

Cysteine is an amino acid that is an essential building block of a wide variety of proteins made and used throughout the entire body. Cystine is an oxidized dimer of cysteine that the body uses for redox reactions and as a linkage for proteins to keep their 3D structures. Cysteine and Cystine can be retained and analyzed on a mixed-mode Primesep 100 column with a mobile phase consisting of water, Acetonitrile (MeCN), and Sulfuric acid (H2SO4). This analytical method can be UV detected at 200 nm with high resolution and peak symmetry.

11 underivatized amino acids (aspartic acid, glutamic acid, alanine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, cysteine, phenylalanine, histidine, lysine, and arginine) are separated by a Primesep 100 HPLC column by reversed-phase and ion-exchange mechanisms with LC/MS compatible conditions without the use of ion-pair reagents. The HPLC separation uses a TFA (trifluoroacetic acid) gradient in a mobile phase of water acetonitrile (MeCN, ACN with evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD).

Primesep 100 separates a mixture of polar and nonpolar compounds in one analytical run. The amino acid cysteine; amino acid derivatives L-cystine, 2,2-dimethylcystine, and 2-methylcysteine; the polar acid benzoic acid; and the nonpolar neutral toluene are separated by a gradient using a combination of polar and hydrophobic interactions. The separation method uses a mobile phase mixture of water, acetonitrile (MeCN, ACN) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4) with UV detection at 210 nm.