HPLC Method for Maleic Acid, Ascorbic Acid, Nicotinic Acid (Vitamin B3), Fumaric Acid, Oxalic Acid on BIST A+ by SIELC Technologies

Maleic Acid, also known as cis-butenedioic acid,  is a dicarboxylic acid with the chemical formula C₄H₄O₄. It is primarily used as a precursor to fumaric acid.  It is is derived by hydrolysis of maleic anhydride or is produced by oxidation of benzene or butane.  In medicine, it is used to form salts with drugs to increase their stability. You can find detailed UV spectra of Maleic Acid and information about its various lambda maxima by visiting the following link.

Ascorbic Acid is a vitamin with the molecular formula C₆H₈O₆. Typically, it is used to treat scurvy, support immune system, and preserve food. It is a white to light yellow powder that is easily dissolved in water. It can be found in a large variety of fruits and vegetables, especially in citrus. You can find detailed UV spectra of Ascorbic Acid and information about its various lambda maxima by visiting the following link.

Nicotinic acid, also known as niacin and vitamin B3, is a water-soluble B vitamin with C₆H₅NO₂ molecular formula. It is an essential nutrient that is crucial for energy production. Nicotinic acid is commonly used as a dietary supplement to treat vitamin B3 deficiency, and it’s also prescribed in higher doses to help lower cholesterol levels. It works by dilating blood vessels, which can lead to a flushing sensation, hence it is sometimes referred to as “flushing niacin.” You can find detailed UV spectra of Niacin and information about its various lambda maxima by visiting the following link.

Fumaric Acid, also known as trans-butenedioic acid, is an organic compound with C4H4O4 chemical formula. It is used across food, industrial, and medical industries. In food, is it often used as a preservative, pH regulator, and flavoring akin to citric acid.  Industrially, it is used in making polyester resins, polyhydric alcohols, and more. Medically, it is used in denture cleaners and it’s derivatives are used in treating psoriasis. Fumaric acid is a popular preservative and food additive with a fruit-like taste. You can find detailed UV spectra of Fumaric Acid and information about its various lambda maxima by visiting the following link.

Oxalic Acid is an organic acid with the chemical formula C₂H₂O₄. It is considered the simplest dicarboxylic acid, with it’s name being derrived from the genus of the plant from which it was isolated, Oxalis. It is primarily used as a bleaching agent in cleaning solutions, rust removal, and teeth whitening. Oxalic acid has an oral lowest published lethal dose of 600 mg/kg. You can find detailed UV spectra of Oxalic Acid and information about its various lambda maxima by visiting the following link.

Using SIELC’s newly introduced BIST™ method, a mixture of these organic acids can be separated on a negatively-charged, cation-exchange BIST A+ column, contrary to conventional chromatographic wisdom. There are two keys to this retention method: 1) a multi-charged, positive buffer, such as N,N,N’,N’-Tetramethyl-1,3-propanediamine (TMDAP), which acts as a bridge, linking the negatively-charged anion analytes to the negatively-charged column surface and 2) a mobile phase consisting mostly of organic solvent (such as MeCN) to minimize the formation of a solvation layer around the charged analytes. Other positively-charged buffers that can generate BIST™ include Calcium acetate and Magnesium acetate. Using this new and unique analysis method, these organic acids can be separated, retained, and detected through ELSD. This method is also compatible with Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) and CAD.

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