Nicotinic Acid/Niacin (3-pyridinecarboxylic acid)

HPLC Method for Separation of Nicotinic Acid, Nicotinamide, Tranexamic Acid on Primesep 100 Column

Separation type: Liquid Chromatography Mixed-mode SIELC Technologies

 High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Method for Analysis of Nicotinic Acid/Niacin (3-pyridinecarboxylic acid), Nicotinamide, Tranexamic acid

Nicotinic acid and nicotinamide are both forms of vitamin B3, also known as niacin. They play crucial roles in the body’s energy metabolism and are essential for maintaining the health of the skin, nervous system, and digestive system.

1. Nicotinic Acid (Niacin): This is one of the two principal forms of vitamin B3. Nicotinic acid is commonly used as a dietary supplement to treat vitamin B3 deficiency, and it’s also prescribed in higher doses to help lower cholesterol levels. It works by dilating blood vessels, which can lead to a flushing sensation, hence it is sometimes referred to as “flushing niacin.”
2. Nicotinamide: Also known as niacinamide, this is the other principal form of vitamin B3. Nicotinamide is a precursor to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a coenzyme involved in various cellular processes, including energy metabolism. Nicotinamide is often used in skincare products for its anti-inflammatory properties and its ability to improve the appearance of aging skin and reduce hyperpigmentation.

Tranexamic acid, on the other hand, is a synthetic derivative of the amino acid lysine. It is primarily used as an antifibrinolytic agent, meaning it helps to prevent the breakdown of blood clots. Tranexamic acid is commonly used to treat or prevent excessive bleeding, particularly in conditions such as heavy menstrual bleeding, traumatic hemorrhage, and during surgeries where significant blood loss is expected. Additionally, it has been investigated for its potential role in treating melasma, a common skin condition characterized by hyperpigmentation.

Each of these compounds has distinct biochemical properties and medical applications, but they all play important roles in human health and medicine.

Nicotinic Acid, Nicotinamide, Tranexamic Acid can be retained and separated using a Primesep 100 mixed-mode stationary phase column. The analysis employs an isocratic method with a simple mobile phase comprising water, acetonitrile (MeCN), and sulfuric acid as a buffer. This method allows for detection using UV at 210 nm

Separation type: Liquid Chromatography Mixed-mode

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Method for Analysis of Nicotinic Acid, Nicotinamide, Pyridine Dicarboxylic Acid, Ethyl Methyl Pyridine and Ethyl Nicotinate Nicotinic acid, also known as Niacin or Vitamin B3, is an essential nutrient that plants and animals synthesize from tryptophan. It is also used as a dietary supplement to treat pellagra. A derivative of Nicotinic acid, Nictotinamide, is a key component of the coenzymes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+). Pyridine Dicarboxylic acid (PDA), or Dipicolinic acid (DPA), is a key factor in bacterial endospore heat resistance. It also plays an important role in preparing transition metal complexes for ion chromatography. Ethyl Methyl Pyridine is a common precursor to Nicotinic acid. Ethyl nicotinate, or nicotine acid ethyl ester, is a popular topical treatment for ligament, joint, and muscle pain. These 5 organic compounds can be separated, retained, and analyzed on a Primesep 100 mixed-mode column using an analytical method with a simple gradient mobile phase of water, Acetonitrile (MeCN), and a sulfuric acid (H2SO4) buffer. This analysis method can be UV detected at 250 nm with high resolution and peak symmetry.

Separation type: Bridge Ion Separation Technology, or BIST™ by SIELC Technologies

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Method for Analysis of  Maleic  acid, Ascorbic acid, Nicotinic acid, Fumaric acid and Oxalic acid

The maleate ion from Maleic acid is a popular ingredient as the maleate salt in several different drugs, including Methergine, Pyrilamine, and Carfenazine, among others. Nicotinic acid, also known as Niacin or Vitamin B3, is an essential nutrient for the human body and is sometimes taken as a treatment for high cholesterol. Aconitic acid is a key intermediary in the citric acid cycle, and is also used a flavoring agent and in the production of rubbers and plastics. Fumaric acid is a popular preservative and food additive with a fruit-like taste. Using SIELC’s newly introduced BIST™ method, a mixture of these organic acids can be separated on a negatively-charged, cation-exchange BIST™ A+ column, contrary to conventional chromatographic wisdom. There are two keys to this retention method: 1) a multi-charged, positive buffer, such as N,N,N’,N’-Tetramethyl-1,3-propanediamine (TMDAP), which acts as a bridge, linking the negatively-charged anion analytes to the negatively-charged column surface and 2) a mobile phase consisting mostly of organic solvent (such as MeCN) to minimize the formation of a solvation layer around the charged analytes. Other positively-charged buffers that can generate BIST™ include Calcium acetate and Magnesium acetate. Using this new and unique analysis method, these organic acids can be separated, retained, and detected through ELSD. This method is also compatible with Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) and CAD.

Condition

Description

Separation type: Bridge Ion Separation Technology, or BIST™ by SIELC Technologies

The maleate ion from Maleic acid is a popular ingredient as the maleate salt in several different drugs, including Methergine, Pyrilamine, and Carfenazine, among others. Nicotinic acid, also known as Niacin or Vitamin B3, is an essential nutrient for the human body and is sometimes taken as a treatment for high cholesterol. Aconitic acid is a key intermediary in the citric acid cycle, and is also used a flavoring agent and in the production of rubbers and plastics. Fumaric acid is a popular preservative and food additive with a fruit-like taste. Using SIELC’s newly introduced BIST™ method, a mixture of these organic acids can be separated on a negatively-charged, cation-exchange BIST™ A+ column, contrary to conventional chromatographic wisdom. There are two keys to this retention method: 1) a multi-charged, positive buffer, such as N,N,N’,N’-Tetramethyl-1,3-propanediamine (TMDAP), which acts as a bridge, linking the negatively-charged anion analytes to the negatively-charged column surface and 2) a mobile phase consisting mostly of organic solvent (such as MeCN) to minimize the formation of a solvation layer around the charged analytes.

Condition

Description

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Nicotinamide is the amide form of nicotinic acid. Nicotinic acid is in the vitamin B group and is converted to nicotinamide in vivo. Newcrom AH  was used to separate nicotinamide and nicotinic acid.  Newcrom AH separates acids using ion-exclusion, retains basic compounds by cation-exchange, and neutral compounds by reverse-phase mechanism.

Pyridinecarboxylic acids exist as three isomers with different position of carboxylic acid relative to nitrogen in pyridine. Three isomers of pyridinecarboxylic acid (picolinic or 2-pyridinecarvoxylic acid, niacin or 3-pyridinecarboxylic acid, isonicotinic or 4-pyridinecarboxylic acid), along with pyridinedicarboxylic acid, are separated on a Primesep 100 column. Pyridinecarboxylic acids have a similar empirical formula, and are very similar in terms of hydrophobicity and ionic properties. Small differences in these properties are enough to achieve good separation on cation-exchange mixed-mode HPLC column like Primesep 100. Retention time for all compounds is controlled by the amount of acetonitrile and amount of ions in the mobile phase. Ions in the mobile phase can be created by organic and inorganic acids and corresponding salt buffers. Various detection techniques can be used for monitoring pyridinecarboxylic acids. Other ionizable isomers can be successfully separated on mixed-mode columns.

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) and Vitamins Group B are separated on Obelisc N mixed-mode column. Method can be used in quantitation and determination of polar vitamins in various formulations and dietary supplements. HPLC method can be based on UV, Evaporative Light Scattering Detection (ESLD), RI or MS detection. Effect of sample matrix can be eliminated by changing mobile phase conditions. Buffer concentration, buffer pH and amount of ACN will affect every vitamin differently due to difference in polar and ionic properties.

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HPLC separation of carboxylic acids (nicotinic acid, benzoic acid and acetylbenzoic acid) on Primesep B2 column using an isocratic method by reverse-phase and anion-exchange mechanisms. The elution of carboxylic acids using the same isocratic method and mobile phase can be reversed by using a reverse-phase cation-exchange mechanisms of the Primesep 100 column. The mobile phase is water, acetonitrile (MeCN, ACN) and formic acid with a UV detector.