Aminopterin

HPLC Method for Separation of Methotrexate, Aminopterin, Folic Acid on Primesep 100 by SIELC Technologies

Separation type: Liquid Chromatography Mixed-mode

Aminopterin and folic acid are chemically related compounds that play significant roles in biochemistry and medicine.

Methotrexate, Aminopterin, and Folic Acid are chemically related compounds that have important roles in biochemistry and medicine.

1. Methotrexate: This is a chemotherapy agent and immune system suppressant. Methotrexate is an antimetabolite and antifolate drug, meaning it inhibits the metabolism of folic acid. It does this by inhibiting the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), preventing the formation of active folate and thus interfering with DNA and RNA synthesis. It is used to treat certain types of cancer and autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis.
2. Aminopterin: This is also an antifolate, and it works in a similar way to methotrexate, by inhibiting the enzyme DHFR. Aminopterin was one of the first antifolates to be used in cancer chemotherapy. However, it has largely been replaced by methotrexate, which is less toxic and more effective.
3. Folic Acid: Also known as folate or vitamin B9, this is an essential nutrient that the body needs for many functions. It’s critical for the synthesis, repair, and functioning of DNA, as well as for cell division and growth. A deficiency of folic acid can lead to anemia and other health problems.

The antifolate drugs methotrexate and aminopterin are designed to interfere with the actions of folic acid, making them effective in slowing down the growth of rapidly dividing cells, such as cancer cells. However, this can also affect normal, healthy cells, leading to side effects.

Aminopterin, methotrexate and folic acid can be retained, separated, and analyzed using a reverse-phase Primesep 100, 4.6 x 150 mm, 5 µm, 100 A column. The mobile phase for this method consists of water, acetonitrile (MeCN), and ammonium formate, which serves as a buffer. This analytical method can be monitored using UV detection at 290 nm, an Evaporative Light Scattering Detector (ELSD), or any other evaporative detection method such as Charged Aerosol Detection (CAD) or Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS)

LOD was determined for this combination of instrument, method, and analyte, and it can vary from one laboratory to another even when the same general type of analysis is being performed.

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Method for Analysis of Methotrexate, Aminopterin, Folic Acid

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HPLC Method for Analysis of Biopterin, Rhamnopterin, Neopterin, Folic Acid, Aminopterin on Primesep 100 by SIELC Technologies

Separation type: Liquid Chromatography Mixed-mode

These compounds, including Biopterin, Rhamnopterin, Neopterin, Folic Acid, and Aminopterin, are all related to the chemical structure known as pterin. Pterins are a group of heterocyclic compounds composed of a pteridine ring system, which consists of two fused six-membered rings, a pyrimidine ring and a pyrazine ring. Here’s a brief overview of each:

1. Biopterin (or Tetrahydrobiopterin): This is a coenzyme in the synthesis of several neurotransmitters, including dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. It also plays a role in the production of nitric oxide. Deficiencies in the enzyme that recycles tetrahydrobiopterin can lead to phenylketonuria (PKU), a metabolic disorder.
2. Rhamnopterin: Information about this compound may be limited as of my last update in 2021. However, given the “pterin” in its name, it likely contains a pteridine ring structure. Always consult up-to-date resources or a specialist in the field for more information.
3. Neopterin: This pteridine derivative is produced by the human immune system upon activation by interferon-gamma and serves as a marker for immune system activation. Elevated levels can be found in various disorders, such as viral infections, autoimmune diseases, or malignancies.
4. Folic Acid: Also known as vitamin B9, folic acid is crucial for many functions in the body, including DNA synthesis and repair, cell division, and growth. Folic acid must be obtained through diet or supplementation, as humans cannot synthesize it.
5. Aminopterin: An antifolate (folic acid antagonist), aminopterin was one of the first chemotherapy drugs used to treat cancer. It works by inhibiting dihydrofolate reductase, an enzyme that converts folic acid to its active form, thereby interfering with cell growth and division. Aminopterin is highly toxic and has been largely replaced by less toxic and more effective drugs, such as methotrexate.
6. It’s important to note that while these compounds all contain a pteridine ring, they have very different biological activities and uses. Always consult with a healthcare provider or relevant professionals for accurate information.

These five pterins can be retained, separated and analyzed using a reverse-phase Primesep 100, 4.6 x 150 mm, 5 µm, 100 A column. The mobile phase for this method consists of water, acetonitrile (MeCN), and ammonium formate, which serves as a buffer. This analytical method can be monitored using UV detection at 275 nm, an Evaporative Light Scattering Detector (ELSD), or any other evaporative detection method such as Charged Aerosol Detection (CAD) or Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS)

LOD was determined for this combination of instrument, method, and analyte, and it can vary from one laboratory to another even when the same general type of analysis is being performed.

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Method for Analysis of Biopterin, Rhamnopterin, Neopterin, Folic Acid, Aminopterin

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Description

HPLC Method for Separation of Folic Acid and Aminopterin on Primesep 100 by SIELC Technologies

Separation type: Liquid Chromatography Mixed-mode

Aminopterin and folic acid are chemically related compounds that play significant roles in biochemistry and medicine.

Folic acid, also known as vitamin B9, is an essential nutrient that our bodies need to function correctly. It plays a vital role in many bodily functions, including DNA synthesis and repair, cell division and growth, and the production of red blood cells. Humans cannot synthesize folic acid and, therefore, must obtain it through their diet or via supplementation.

Aminopterin is a derivative of folic acid. It was one of the first antifolate drugs, a class of medication that inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). This enzyme is critical for converting folic acid into its active form, tetrahydrofolate, which is used in the synthesis of nucleotides for DNA and RNA.

By inhibiting DHFR, aminopterin interferes with the synthesis of DNA and RNA, blocking cell replication. This property made it useful as a cancer drug, as it can stop the rapid cell division characteristic of cancerous cells. However, aminopterin is highly toxic and is no longer used clinically. It has been largely replaced by less toxic and more effective antifolate drugs, such as methotrexate.

It’s important to note that while aminopterin and folic acid are chemically related, their biological effects are very different due to their interactions with the enzyme DHFR. Always consult with a healthcare provider for accurate and up-to-date information.

Aminopterin and folic acid can be retained, separated, and analyzed using a reverse-phase Primesep 100, 4.6 x 150 mm, 5 µm, 100 A column. The mobile phase for this method consists of water, acetonitrile (MeCN), and ammonium formate, which serves as a buffer. This analytical method can be monitored using UV detection at 290 nm, an Evaporative Light Scattering Detector (ELSD), or any other evaporative detection method such as Charged Aerosol Detection (CAD) or Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS)

LOD was determined for this combination of instrument, method, and analyte, and it can vary from one laboratory to another even when the same general type of analysis is being performed.

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Method for Analysis of Aminopterin, Folic Acid

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Description

HPLC Method for Analysis of Aminopterin on Primesep 100 by SIELC Technologies

Separation type: Liquid Chromatography Mixed-mode

Aminopterin is a chemical compound that belongs to the class of drugs known as antifolates. It’s a derivative of folic acid (vitamin B9) and works by inhibiting an enzyme called dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). This enzyme plays a crucial role in the synthesis of nucleotides, the building blocks of DNA and RNA. By inhibiting this enzyme, aminopterin interferes with cell growth and division.

Aminopterin was one of the first antifolates to be used in cancer chemotherapy, particularly in the treatment of childhood leukemia. However, it has largely been replaced by methotrexate, a similar but less toxic compound. Methotrexate is still widely used in the treatment of various cancers and autoimmune diseases.

Despite its historical use in cancer treatment, aminopterin is extremely toxic and can cause severe side effects, including damage to the bone marrow, gastrointestinal tract, and skin. As a result, it is not typically used in human medicine today.

In addition to its role in chemotherapy, aminopterin has also been used in research to create what are known as “conditionally immortal” cell lines. It’s important to note that the use of aminopterin should always be overseen by professionals due to its high toxicity.

Aminopterin retained and analyzed using a reverse-phase Primesep 100, 4.6 x 150 mm, 5 µm, 100 A column. The mobile phase for this method consists of water, acetonitrile (MeCN), and ammonium formate, which serves as a buffer. This analytical method can be monitored using UV detection at 290 nm, an Evaporative Light Scattering Detector (ELSD), or any other evaporative detection method such as Charged Aerosol Detection (CAD) or Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS)

LOD was determined for this combination of instrument, method, and analyte, and it can vary from one laboratory to another even when the same general type of analysis is being performed.

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Method for Analysis of Aminopterin

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Description