Norepinephrine

Norepinephrine structural formula

CAS Number51-41-2
Molecular FormulaC8H11NO3
Molecular Weight169.180
InChI KeySFLSHLFXELFNJZ-QMMMGPOBSA-N
LogP-1.24
Synonyms
  • Norepinephrine
  • 4-[(1R)-2-Amino-1-hydroxyethyl]benzene-1,2-diol
  • 1,2-Benzenediol, 4-[(1R)-2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl]-
  • 51-41-2
  • 1,2-Benzenediol, 4-[(1R)-2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl]-
  • (-)-(R)-Norepinephrine
  • (-)-Arterenol
  • (-)-Noradrenaline
  • (-)-Norepinephrine
  • (-)-α-(Aminomethyl)protocatechuyl alcohol
  • (R)-(-)-Norepinephrine
  • (R)-Noradrenaline
  • (R)-Norepinephrine
  • 1,2-Benzenediol, 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-, (R)-
  • 4-((1R)-2-Amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-1,2-benzenediol
  • Adrenor
  • Aktamin
  • Arterenol
  • Arterenol, l-
  • Benzyl alcohol, α-(aminomethyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-, (-)-
  • l-1-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-2-aminoethanol
  • l-2-Amino-1-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethanol
  • l-3,4-Dihydroxyphenylethanolamine
  • l-Arterenol
  • Levarterenol
  • Levoarterenol
  • Levonor
  • Levonoradrenaline
  • Levonorepinephrine
  • Levophed
  • l-Noradrenaline
  • l-Norepinephrine
  • l-α-(Aminomethyl)-3,4-dihydroxybenzyl alcohol
  • Noradrenalin
  • Noradrenaline
  • Norartrinal
  • norepinefrina
  • Norepinephrin
  • Norepirenamine
  • Nor-Epirenan
  • Sympathin E
  • BRN 4231961
  • EINECS 200-096-6
  • Noradrenalin, l-
  • D-(-)-Noradrenaline
  • Noradrenalinum
  • Levarterenolo
  • Noradrenalina
  • Noreinefrina
  • Norepinephrinum
  • UNII-X4W3ENH1CV
  • (-)-alpha-(Aminomethyl)protocatechuyl alcohol
  • (R)-4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-1,2-benzenediol
  • (R)-Noradrenaline
  • 4-(2-Amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-1,2-benzenediol
  • 4-[(1R)-2-amino-1-hydroxy-ethyl]benzene-1,2-diol
  • 4-[(1R)-2-amino-1-hydroxy-ethyl]pyrocatechol
  • 4-[(1R)-2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl]benzene-1,2-diol
  • L-alpha-(Aminomethyl)-3,4-dihydroxybenzyl alcohol
  • 4899-05-2
  • 66197-73-7

Applications:

HPLC Separation of Catecholamines on Newcrom AH Column

May 20, 2021

Separation type: Liquid Chromatography Mixed-mode



 




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Catecholamines are neurotransmitters that generate the ‘fight-or-flight’ responsein the body. The 3 main catecholamines are epinephrine (also known as adrenaline), norepinephrine, and dopamine, and they are produced by the adrenal glands.
These 3 catecholamines can be detected in the low UV regime. Using a Newcrom AH mixed-mode column and a mobile phase consisting of almost entirely water with either a phosphoric (H3PO4) acid or ammonium formate (AmFm) buffer, the catecholamines can be retained, separated, and measured. This analysis method can be UV detected at 275 nm with high resolution. The latter mobile phase (utilizing AmFm) is compatible with Mass Spectrometry.



Condition

Column Newcrom AH, 4.6×150 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase H2O
Buffer H3PO4  or AmFm pH 3.0
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection UV, 275 nm

 

Description

Class of Compounds
Drug, Acid, Hydrophilic, Ionizable, Hormone
Analyzing Compounds  Norepinephrine, Epinephrine, Dopamine

 

Application Column

Newcrom AH

The Newcrom columns are a family of reverse-phase-based columns. Newcrom A, AH, B, and BH are all mixed-mode columns with either positive or negative ion-pairing groups attached to either short (25 Å) or long (100 Å) ligand chains. Newcrom R1 is a special reverse-phase column with low silanol activity.

Select options
Application Analytes:
Dopamine
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

USP Methods for the Analysis of Norepinephrine using the Legacy L1 Column

June 21, 2012

 

Application Notes: Norepinephrine is a naturally occurring hormone and neurotransmitter. The USP HPLC method for the separation of norepinephrine was developed on Legacy L1 column according to the US Pharmacopeia methodology. L1 classification is assigned to reversed-phase HPLC column containing C18 ligand. Support for the material is spherical silica gel with particles size 3-10 um and pore size of 100-120A. Resolution between critical pairs corresponds to rules and specifications of UPS.  

Application Columns: Legacy L1 C18 HPLC column

Application compounds: Norepinephrine

Mobile phase: Sodium heptanesulfonate/H2O/MeOH 0.22/160/40  pH 3.0

Detection technique: UV

Reference: USP35: NF30

Condition

Column Legacy L1, 4.6×250 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase Sodium heptanesulfonate/H2O/MeOH   0.22/160/40  pH 3.0
Buffer Sodium heptanesulfonate
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection UV, 280 nm

 

Description

Class of Compounds
Drug, Hormone and neurotransmitter, Hydrophilic, Ionizable
Analyzing Compounds Norepinephrine

 

Application Column

SIELC Legacy L1 HPLC column

Legacy L1

SIELC's family of Legacy columns is based on the United States Pharmacopeia's (USP) published chromatographic methods and procedures. Numerous brands have columns used in USP reference standards and methods. USP has created various designations to group together columns with similar types of packing and properties in the solid phase. SIELC's Legacy columns adhere to these strict requirements and properties, allowing you to easily replace older columns that are no longer available without needing to significantly modify your method or SOPs.

Select options
Application Analytes:
Norepinephrine

Application Detection:
UV Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

HPLC Separation of Catecholamines on Primesep 100 Column with Phosphate Buffers

July 8, 2011

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The catecholamine neurotransmitters are amino-acid derivatives of tyrosine. DOPA, tyrosine, phenylalanine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine and baseline are resolved on a Primesep 100 column with UV-transparent phosphate buffer. This method can be used for analysis of catecholamines and related impurities in various matrices. Peak order and retention time can be changed by changing the amount of ACN, buffer concentration and buffer pH. Various buffers can be used to accommodate desired detection technique. Primesep 100 is a reversed-phase cation-exchange mixed-mode column that can be used for analysis of polar neutral, polar ionizable, polar zwitter-ionic, hydrophobic neutral, and hydrophobic ionic compounds in the same run. Column can be operated in reverse-phase, cation-exchange, anion-exclusion, HILIC and mixed-modes depending on the mobile phase selection and nature of analytes. Column is compatible with LC/MS and does not require use of ion-pairing reagents.

Condition

Column Primesep 100, 4.6×150 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase MeCN/H2O
Buffer Na2HPO4
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection UV, 210 nm

 

Description

Class of Compounds
Drug, Acid, Hydrophilic, Ionizable, Hormone
Analyzing Compounds Tyrosine, DOPA, Phenylalanine, Norepinephrine, Epinephrine, Dopamine

 

Application Column

Primesep 100

The Primesep family of mixed-mode columns offers a wide variety of stationary phases, boasting unprecedented selectivity in the separation of a broad array of chemical compounds across multiple applications. Corresponding Primesep guard columns, available with all stationary phases, do not require holders. SIELC provides a method development service available to all customers. Inquire about our specially-tailored custom LC-phases for specific separations.

Select options
Application Analytes:
DOPA (3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine)
Dopamine
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Phenylalanine
Tyrosine

Application Detection:
UV Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

HPLC Separation of Polar Compounds

January 13, 2010


The separation of amino acids, the building blocks of proteins, can be challenging to separate on a reverse-phase column due to their high polarity. Using a mixed-mode HPLC column, allows the separation of amino acids by cation-exchange and ion-exclusion mechanisms as well as hydrophobicity. Fine tuning of separation can be achieved with changes in organic concentration of the mobile phase as well as choice of buffer and pH.

Condition

Column Primesep 200, 4.6×150 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase MeCN/H2O
Buffer AcOH, AmFm
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection ELSD

 

Description

Class of Compounds
Drug, Acid, Hydrophilic, Ionizable, Hormone
Analyzing Compounds Aspartic acid, Glutaric acid, Glycine, Hydroxytriptophan, GABA, Norepinephrine, Dopamine

 

Application Column

Primesep 200

The Primesep family of mixed-mode columns offers a wide variety of stationary phases, boasting unprecedented selectivity in the separation of a broad array of chemical compounds across multiple applications. Corresponding Primesep guard columns, available with all stationary phases, do not require holders. SIELC provides a method development service available to all customers. Inquire about our specially-tailored custom LC-phases for specific separations.

Select options
Application Analytes:
5-Hydroxytryptophan
Aspartic Acid
Dopamine
Glutamic Acid
Norepinephrine
gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA)

Application Detection:
ELSD Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

Separation of Serotonin, Dopamine, and Related Compounds

August 22, 2008

Catecholamines are chemical compounds derived from the amino acid tyrosine containing catechol and amine groups. Some of them are biogenic amines. Retention of compounds of the catecholamine pathway is achieved on Obelisc N column. All polar compounds are well retained by combination of HILIC and ion-exchange mechanisms. Obelisc N columns produce very good peak shapes for all analytes. The method is very sensitive to amount of ACN, buffer and buffer pH. The retention time changes with variation of the main parameters. This method can be used for quantitation of biogenic amines and related compounds (homovanillic acid, dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid, serotonin, dopamine, epinephrine, hydroxytryptophan, epinephrine and DOPA) in urine, blood and other biological fluids. Further optimization of this HPLC method can be used during screening and validation. Amines and acids can be analyzed in the same run and retained by a combination of polar organic mode, cation-exchange and anion-exchange modes. Various buffers within specified pH can be employed (ammonium formate, ammonium acetate, sodium phosphate, etc.).

Condition

Column Obelisc N, 4.6×150 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase MeCN/H2O
Buffer AmAc pH 4.0- 30 mM
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection UV, 270 nm

 

Description

Class of Compounds
Drug, Acid, Monocarboxylic acid,  Hydrophilic, Ionizable, Hormone
Analyzing Compounds Homovanillic acid, Dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid, Serotonin, Dopamine, Epinephrine, Hydroxytryptophan, DOPA

 

Application Column

Obelisc N

SIELC has developed the Obelisc™ columns, which are mixed-mode and utilize Liquid Separation Cell technology (LiSC™). These cost-effective columns are the first of their kind to be commercially available and can replace multiple HPLC columns, including reversed-phase (RP), AQ-type reversed-phase, polar-embedded group RP columns, normal-phase, cation-exchange, anion-exchange, ion-exclusion, and HILIC (Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography) columns. By controlling just three orthogonal method parameters - buffer concentration, buffer pH, and organic modifier concentration - users can adjust the column properties with pinpoint precision to separate complex mixtures.

Select options
Application Analytes:
DOPA (3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine)
DOPAC (Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid)
Dopamine
Epinephrine
Homovanillic Acid
Hydroxytryptophan
Norepinephrine
Serotonin

Application Detection:
UV Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

HPLC Separation of Neurotransmitters and Related Drugs

August 22, 2008

Epinephrine and norepinephrine (adrenaline and noradrenaline) are hormones and neurotransmitters. Epinephrine is synthesized from norepinephrine in a synthetic pathway shared by all catecholamines, including L-dopa, dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine. Phenylephrine is used as a decongestant, available as an oral medicine or as a nasal spray. Phenylephrine is now the most common over-the-counter (OTC) decongestant. All three compounds are used in various drug compositions. Separation of epinephrine and norepinephrine is a challenging task due to polarity and close properties of two compounds. Epinephrine, norepinephrine and phenylephrine are separated in this method on Obelisc R mixed-mode HPLC columns. The method is very sensitive to variation of pH and pH adjustment can be used to achieve desired selectivity and retention time. Other catecholamines can be analyzed using this HPLC method. The method can be used as a stability indicating or a impurity profiling approach to the analysis of neurotransmitters in drug formulation, blood, serum and urine.

Condition

Column Obelisc R, 4.6×150 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase MeCN/H2O
Buffer  AmFm
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection UV, 250 nm

 

Description

Class of Compounds
Drug, Acid, Hydrophilic, Ionizable, Hormone
Analyzing Compounds Phenylalanine, Norepinephrine, Epinephrine

 

Application Column

Obelisc R

SIELC has developed the Obelisc™ columns, which are mixed-mode and utilize Liquid Separation Cell technology (LiSC™). These cost-effective columns are the first of their kind to be commercially available and can replace multiple HPLC columns, including reversed-phase (RP), AQ-type reversed-phase, polar-embedded group RP columns, normal-phase, cation-exchange, anion-exchange, ion-exclusion, and HILIC (Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography) columns. By controlling just three orthogonal method parameters - buffer concentration, buffer pH, and organic modifier concentration - users can adjust the column properties with pinpoint precision to separate complex mixtures.

Select options
Application Analytes:
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Phenylephrine

Application Detection:
UV Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.

Separation of Epinephrine Norepinephrine

January 17, 2004

Primesep 200 separates the catecholamines, norepinephrine and epinephrine, less than 8 minutes. Norepinephrine and epinephrine are baseline resolved by a combination of reversed-phase, and ion-exchange mechanisms. Excellent peak shape results with a mass spec compatible mobile phase of water, acetonitrile (MeCN, ACN) and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) with UV detection at 210 nm.

Condition

Column Primesep 200, 3.2×150 mm, 5 µm, 100A
Mobile Phase MeCN/H2O – 10/90%
Buffer  TFA – 0.05%
Flow Rate 1.0 ml/min
Detection UV, 210 nm

 

Description

Class of Compounds
Drug, Acid, Hydrophilic, Ionizable, Hormone
Analyzing Compounds Norepinephrine, Epinephrine

 

Application Column

Primesep 200

The Primesep family of mixed-mode columns offers a wide variety of stationary phases, boasting unprecedented selectivity in the separation of a broad array of chemical compounds across multiple applications. Corresponding Primesep guard columns, available with all stationary phases, do not require holders. SIELC provides a method development service available to all customers. Inquire about our specially-tailored custom LC-phases for specific separations.

Select options
Application Analytes:
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine

Application Detection:
UV Detection
SIELC Technologies usually develops more than one method for each compound. Therefore, this particular method may not be the best available method from our portfolio for your specific application. Before you decide to implement this method in your research, please send us an email to research@sielc.com so we can ensure you get optimal results for your compound/s of interest.